Indices and logarithms examples. Descriptions of Logarithm Rules.

3 days ago · If the index is anything other than 1, we require to write it down as the power of the base number. Consider the following indices and how they produce the corresponding logarithm values: 8 2 = 64 => we say that log 8 64 = 2; - this is read as log 64 to the base 8 is 2. if y = 10^x, then x = log10y. You may often see ln x and log x written, with no base indicated. For example, for 3 2, 2 is the index and 3 is the base. Class 11 CBSE Applied Maths Indices ML AGGARWAL Exercise 2. Logarithm Law: The Zero Rule. Ratios; Proportions; Laws of Indices, Exponents Sep 2, 2021 · Indices play an important role in logarithm and vice-versa because the two concepts are related since the characteristics or integer of logarithms can be compared with the indices. 3) . com/watch?v=acOUnvSIAN0 ️📚👉 Watch the Full Free Course: http Natural Logarithm; Common Logarithm- Logarithm with base 10 is Common logarithm. In this article, you can practise various problems on indices of numbers, variables and some special expressions. Therefore the logarithm of 379 is 2 + 0. Math Input. x√y, 4√3, 8√5 x y, 4 3, 8 5. 1. Suppose, we have a value √3 3. Integration is the procedure which reverses differentiation. What is a logarithm? The logarithm of a number is the power that the base must be raised to, to give that number. It is defined as: y=log a x, if and only if x=a y; for x>0, a>0, and a≠1. The exponent of a number says how many times to use the number in a multiplication. This equals = 2 1 or 2. Natural logarithms The natural logarithm is the logarithm to the base e e is Euler's number, the base of natural logarithms, e approximates to 2. If a x = y such that a > 0, a ≠ 1 then log a y = x. 6. Jun 11, 2024 · Example: loga10 = loga(5 2) = loga5 + loga2. Solve for x in: 9x + 32x - 1 = 53. com/watch?v=nvw7eEOaWI4👉Next Video: https://www. Download File. 1) The laws of indices and surds are to be remembered to solve problems on surds and indices. In other words, if b y = x then y is the logarithm of x to base b. Let's solve 2 x ‍. Recall it consisted of all powers of a (well, of [a]_n ) in (Z/nZ)*. Decibel Scale: In acoustics and electronics, the decibel scale is used to express the ratio of two quantities, such as sound or power levels. 15. Exponents and Logarithms work well together because they "undo" each other (so long as the base "a" is the same): They are "Inverse Functions". log 10 x = lgx or logx (on calculators) From the definition of a logarithm, prove that log a 1 log x x a =. Q:2 Anand earns Rs 80 in 7 hours and Promode Rs 90 in 12 hours. For instance, log (1000) is a common logarithm, representing how many times we need to multiply 10 to get the desired result. 4. How to evaluate simple logarithmic functions and solve logarithmic functions, What are Logarithmic Functions, How to solve for x in Logarithmic Equations, How to solve a Logarithmic Equation with Multiple Logs, Techniques for Solving Logarithmic Equations, with video lessons, examples and step-by-step solutions. Once you've done that, refresh this page to start using Wolfram|Alpha. Watch the full Video here: https://youtu. Class 11 CBSE Applied Maths aims to develop an understanding of basic mathematical and statistical tools and their applications in the field of commerce (business/ finance/economics) and social sciences. Verify this result, without using calculators , when a = 4, b = 2, c = 8 and n = 4096 . Watch examples, exercises and tips to master this math topic. 6) We then call m the logarithm to the base b of x and write (1. 5786 Oct 3, 2011 · This document introduces indices and logarithms. Instant Access to Free Material. Shows the definition chart of logarithm. pdf: File Size: 597 kb: File Type: pdf: Logarithms Inverse Functions The Inverse of an Exponential Function 1 ) no matter what base we evaluate the logs, providing the same base is applied both to the top and bottom of the equation. Index questions are provided here to help students understand how to simplify expressions using simple formulas and techniques. END OF FUNDAMENTALS OF INDICES AND LOGARITHMS AND BEGINNING OF WORKED EXAMPLES 18 Shefiu S. Unit 7 Exponential models. Laws of indices #3: a m × a n = a m + n a^m × a^n = a^ {m+n} am×an=am+n, it should be noted that all laws of indices only work for the same base. Basic Properties of Logarithms For example, the Richter scale uses logarithms to quantify the energy released by earthquakes, and the pH scale uses logarithms to measure the acidity of a solution. Hello Dear CA Foundation Students, We are Sharing With You Notes and Lectures of CA Foundation Paper 3: Business Mathematics Download File. 79 x 102 . What are Indices? Logarithms. This document provides a summary of Chapter 5 on Indices and Logarithms from an Additional Mathematics textbook. It defines indices and logarithms, outlines their basic properties and laws, and provides examples of using logarithms to perform calculations like multiplication, division, evaluating powers and roots. a = 7 , n = 2. Find the value of a and the value of n . Check the solution. Quotient Rule of Log. Jul 20, 2020 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Jan 5, 2016 · The change of base formula provides a method for converting logarithms from one base to another. Exponential Form. Natural Language. 2. These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparation more efficient and effective. and the above rule for the log of a power. This course will teach you all you need to know about indices and surds to master the hardest parts of GCSE and IGCSE maths, and then moves on to harder A-level examples as well logarithms and the rules to manipulate them. In the same way that we have rules or laws of indices, we have laws of logarithms. Unit 5 Polynomial graphs. In this example: 82 = 8 × 8 = 64. Laws of Indices. Gives more examples of logarithms as inverse of indices. In mathematics, the words “Power” and “index” are used interchangeably, i. To perform a division such as 23. 4526, the logarithms were subtracted. Descriptions of Logarithm Rules. Most looked out for videos on our channel include:https://youtu. Natural logarithmic function: The log function with base e is called natural logarithmic function and is denoted by log e. Example of Logarithm : Question: log 100 = 2 Taking LHS. For example, in the notation , is the Power or Index while 3 is called the Base. File Type: pdf. Compute answers using Wolfram's breakthrough technology & knowledgebase, relied on by millions of students & professionals. youtube. It is evident that indices and logarithm are related and one can change from one form to the other, i. 2) (x m) n = x mn. Surds are the root values that cannot be written as whole numbers. Dec 10, 2023 · Laws of indices #2: a 1 = a a^1 = a a1=a. Just substitute y = −1 into the the log of power rule, and you have that. Exponents are used in Computer Game Physics, pH and Richter Measuring Scales, Science, Engineering, Economics, Accounting, Finance, and many other disciplines. Unit 8 Logarithms. 5786 . Answer: 2. 4) This current work – Indices and Logarithm Explained with Worked Examples – offers 250+ worked examples complemented with a comprehensive background on this topic. atiqah ayie. If f(x) is a function, then the indefinite integral of f, written f(x) dx, is a function which, when differentiated, gives f. e Indices - The basics (Laws) Indices - Examples. A brief overview of the basic idea and rules for logarithms. Junior Cert index. In this course the base for a logarithmic function will always be an integer greater than one. The questions of logarithm could be solved based on the Jun 20, 2021 · For students without Add Math background, and who are taking H2 Mathematics, surds, indices, and logarithms are assumed knowledge and can be combined with any topic. one is the inverse of the other. Doing loga then ax gives us back x: aloga(x) = x. If b b is any number such that b > 0 b > 0 and b ≠ 1 b ≠ 1 and x >0 x > 0 then, We usually read this as “log base b b of x x ”. y = a x. 903 - 0. Unit 6 Rational exponents and radicals. If a = b c then c = log b a. 3. In computational number theory, the index calculus algorithm is a probabilistic algorithm for computing discrete logarithms . For example, if 2 4 = 16, then 4 is the logarithm of 16 with the base as 2. 8x + 2 = 16x + 1 (23)x + 2 = (24)x + 1 Write 8 and 16 as powers of 2 23x + 6 = 24x + 4 To take a power of a power, multiply exponents 3x + 6 = 4x + 4 Use the one-to-one property to set the exponents equal x = 2 Solve for x. The following diagram shows the relationship between logarithm and exponent. In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation. Unit 3 Polynomial factorization. be/NY Jul 18, 2021 · 5. In algebraic notation, if. Let’s have a look on some question that will help better in understanding Logarithm. We start again by isolating the exponential part by dividing both sides by ‍ . 0 . If we had a look-up table containing powers of 2, it would be straightforward to look up 2 7 and obtain 27 = 128 as the result of finding 16 × 8. This used the result, Find the root of the equation [tex]2+lg\sqrt{1+x}+3lg\sqrt{1-x}=lg\sqrt{1-x^2}[/tex] The Inverse Property of Logarithms. Example . April 16, 2022 CA Student Friend. It defines indices as the power to which a variable is raised, and provides examples of evaluating expressions with positive, negative and fractional indices. Learn about indices, powers, roots and laws of indices with videos, notes and exercises on this webpage. Rule 1: Product Rule. 42,000. f(x) = log e x. Indices are the power or exponent of a value. Browse more Topics under Business Mathematics. It also explains how logarithms can be used to solve equations where the unknown May 17, 2013 · Exponents in the Real World. It then states four rules for working with indices: 1) am = a × a × × a (m times), 2) anegative = 1/apositive, 3) a0 = 1, 4) am × Jun 20, 2023 · CA Foundation Paper 3: Business Mathematics, LR and Statistics : Chapter 1: Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms Notes, Charts & Lectures All Compilation AT One Place in PDF. 3m 11s. These laws together with the definition of a logarithm can be used to simplify and evaluate logarithmic expressions and to solve equations involving logarithms. #algebra #nimcetentrance #inequalities#learntechtotech #rakeshroshan #learnfromrakeshMaths for MCA Entrance (Algebra) #2 : Indices and Logarithms | Concept a The logarithm of any positive number, whose base is a number, which is greater than zero and not equal to one, is the index or the power to which the base must be raised in order to obtain the given number. e. x−1 = 1 x. The formula is given by: loga(x)=logc(x) / logc(a) where ‘c’ can be any base. 0414. Note: To use the logarithm laws, all logarithms must have the same base. The logarithm of 16 with a base of 2 is 4, because 2 4 = 16. Rule 2: Quotient Rule. ⋅ 2 x = 10 2 x = 8 ‍. Log x = y then antilog of y = x. Read this section to see what this means, and how the laws of indices apply to fractional indices. 9 x + 3 2 x − 1 = 53. org WORKED EXAMPLES Section 1: Basic Applications of Laws of ⁄ (c) Indices (Numbers Only) Solution ⁄ ⁄ INTRODUCTION In this section of the Worked Examples, questions are based on the laws of indices involving numbers and Question 15 (***) The points ( 2,14 ) and ( 6,126 ) lie on the curve with equation. ln(1/x) = − ln(x). Example. Laws of Exponents. Get access to thousands of educational resources. Antilogarithm is the number of which a given number is the logarithm. It is generally recognised that this is shorthand: log e x = lnx. Definition of Logarithm. Then add it to n which is the power of 10 to form the positive part of the logarithm. 01 (e) 1 3 = 3 1 2. 79 = 0. 5786 = 2. com/watch?v=cBCUO5UifQk ️📚👉 Watch the Full Free Course: http Algebra 2 12 units · 113 skills. Read the logarithm of A from the tables, which gives the decimal part of the logarithm. √7, 4√11, √x3 7, 1 4 1, x 3. Sample Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ's) for CA Foundation - Paper 3 - Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics - Chapter 1 RATIO & PROPORTION, INDICES, LOGARITHMS - For Practice relevant for Dec 22 and May/June 23 Examinations. 00063. Doing one, then the other, gets us back to where we started: Doing ax then loga gives us back x: loga(ax) = x. 1) x m × x n = a m+n. Some problems using Logs. Remember: The logarithm is the exponent. com/watch?v=cBCUO5UifQk👉Next Video: https://www. Try it yourself: Surds and Indices. This is the exact answer. The final answer should come out the same. Logarithms are another way of writing indices. Similarly, for students who are going to take H2 Mathematics in A Levels, this is an important topic. For example: If then ; You can then solve the resulting equation (usually a quadratic) Once you solve for y then solve for x using the substitution formula; If your equation involves "ln", try to combine all "ln" terms together Use the laws of logarithms to combine terms into a single term; If you have then solve If you have then solve For example, the logarithm of 100 to base 10 is 2 because, if the base 10 is raised to the power of 2 we will get the number (100). This relationship can be written as Logarithms can be considered as the inverse of exponents (or indices). t. ALWAYScheck your solved values with the original logarithmic equation. 32 = 20004. 0: Prelude to Indices and Discrete Logarithms We talked about the cyclic subgroup a of (Z/nZ)* generated by an element a in the proof of our version of Lagrange’s Theorem 3. Zakariyah shefiuz@theiet. You can't take a log of zero or a negative number. 1)x = 20000. Natural Logarithm- Logarithm with base e is Natural Logarithm. Everything you need to study for leaving cert Maths. This value can be written as: √3 3 = (3 3) ½ = 3 3/2 Where 3/2 is the index. For example, the antilogarithm of 3, if the base was 10 is 1 000. log a y = x. Indices and logarithms • log xn • n. 4 3 = 64 => we say that log 4 64 = 3; - this is read as log 64 to the base 4 is 3. 2. Lessons ( 99 ) SHARE. 1 enabling convenient algebraic manipulations of powers and multiplications. 40,000 in your bank account at an interest of 4%. 7993. That is because when 2 is raised to the power of 𝑥, we obtain 2 𝑥. Exponents are also called Powers or Indices. Here’s an example: Worked Examples on Indices and Logarithms | Questions and Answers on Indices and Logarithms Download Free PDF View PDF King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Prep-Year Math Program Math 001 -Term 141 Reading Mathematical Expressions & Arithmetic Operations For example, you have Rs. 1. Evaluate the following indicial expressions, giving the final answers as exact simplified fractions. Here, y > 0, b > 0, and b ≠ 1. For example the logarithm of 1000 to base 10 is 3. 4 Indices & Logarithms. We know that 10 2 = 100 Therefore, log 10 100 = 2. 7) For example if b = 4 and x = 2 then m = 1/2, since 41/ 2 is the square root of 4, that is, 2. Maths videos and revision notes. Unit 2 Complex numbers. An index can also be a fraction such as ½, ¾, or 2. Its range is the set of all real numbers. ACTIVITY 3: 1. where a and n are non zero constants. We therefore write 2 m log4 = 1/2 logarithm. Among the alternatives are bacteriophages; an interest that stems from their special characteristics, including widespread distribution, self-replication, and a lack of effects on the host. Quotient Rule of log states that if log is applied to the quotient of two numbers then it is equal to the difference of the individual logarithmic value of the numbers. be/aU6a1BZtCsA Items encountered in Preparation of a Bill of Quantitieshttps://youtu. Indices, Logarithms and Surds. Quick Tips and Tricks. pdf. It states that the logarithm of a number in a certain base can be expressed as the quotient of logarithms in different bases. Then solve the linear equation. 5. 1-1 Tuition. Find the value of x by evaluating logs using (for example) base 10. Find past exam questions listed by topic with worked solutions to questions, marking schemes and syllabus. Ratios, Proportions, Indices and Logarithms Summary for CA Foundation November 2020 Exams RATIOS A ratio is a comparison of the sizes of two or more quantities of the same kind by division If a and b are two quantities of the same kind (in same units), then the fraction a/b is called the ratio of. It doesn’t matter what base of the logarithm to use. According to surds definition, there are three different types of surds. Solution (Find the logarithm of 6. log 10 ⁡ ( 8) = 2 x ‍. Logarithms is the way humans naturally think about numbers. 5. and. 16 ÷ 8 = 24 ÷ 23. Convert each of the following from index form to logarithm form: INDEX FORM LOGARITHM FORM (a) 43 = 64 log 64 3 4 (b) 34 = 81 (c) 2-3 = 1 8 (d)10-2 = 0. That is, log a (1) = 0 for all valid values of For example, the logarithm of 1 000 to base 10 is 3, because 10 to the power 3 is 1 000: 1 000 = 10 × 10 × 10 = 103. Jul 18, 2021 · Before turning to cryptology, we explore some pure mathematical applications of indices. The logarithm of the ratio of two quantities is the logarithm of the numerator minus the logarithm of the denominator. 4 Indices & Logarithms Indices • Definition - Any expression written as a n is defined as the variable a raised to the power of the number n • n is called a power, an index or an exponent of a • Example - where n is a positive whole number, a 1 = a a 2 = a a a This rise in resistance and the associated challenges in finding alternative compounds has led to a growth in interest in alternatives. e. Solve the given practice questions based on surds and indices. Logarithms are used in specific calculations where multiplications are converted into additions. Common Logarithm: Also known as base 10 logarithms, it's denoted as log10 or simply log. It includes examples and explanations of: 1. Laws of indices such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of indices. These numbers are governed by several indices rules that we will discuss here. The Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms - 1 is an invaluable resource that delves deep into the core of the CA Foundation exam. Its domain is the set of all positive real numbers. Directions: Solve the following questions applying the various surds and indices formulas. It defines indices as expressions written as a variable raised to a power, and defines logarithms as the inverse of indices. Mission + Values. Nov 16, 2022 · Here is the definition of the logarithm function. x = log 10 8 2 ‍. y = n ax , x ∈. Find the logarithm of: 379 . Like the applications of logarithms in basic algebra, the usefulness of indices comes from the above Theorem 5. 32. For example, log (100) equals 2 because multiplying 10 by itself twice gives 100. 3 & 2. Guides students to define logarithm. Mixed Surds: A surd having a mix of a rational number and an irrational number is called a mixed surd. The logarithm of one is equal to zero no matter what the base of the logarithm is. Here, anything raised to the power of one remains unchanged. It provides examples of applying rules for operations with indices and logarithms, such as multiplying and dividing terms with the same base. 203. Example: Exponential Function y = 2^x. We can now take the logarithms of both sides of the equation. May 27, 2017 · Learn how to work with logarithms in this easy and fun tutorial. The index represents the number of times a number has to be multiplied by itself. In this definition y =logbx y = log b x is called the logarithm form and by = x b y = x is called the exponential form. Guides the students to learn logarithm as inverse of indices i. The other example of the inverse property of logarithms listed above is . be/kBnWTt_zZL0This video on worked example on indices and logarithm is extracted from the WAEC WASSCE 2020 Mathemati For example: a 3 is a number with an index of 3 and base ‘a’. Rate Us. Answers are in video format. Pure Surds: A surd having only a single irrational number is called a pure surd. The rule for the log of a reciprocal follows from the rule for the power of negative one. Next, we can bring down the exponent by converting to logarithmic form. Note the positions of the bases and indices in each case. Find the This method exploited the index law, log 10 xy = log 10 x + log 10 y. What are Exponents?🤔. . So the antilogarithm of 3 is 1000. Convert each of the following from logarithm form to index form: 👉Previous Video: https://www. Hence, or otherwise, solve the equation : 6 13 x 8 log 8 log x + =. Let’s look at the concepts you need to know for surds, indices, and logarithm. To find, for example, the logarithm to the base 10 of 463. Logarithms are used to determine radioactive decay. Solution . 1 8 \dfrac {1} {8} 81 . 4. In standard form = 3. A l ogarithmic function is of the form. For math, science, nutrition, history, geography Distribute: [latex]\left( {x + 2} \right)\left( 3 \right) = 3x + 6[/latex] Drop the logs, set the arguments (stuff inside the parenthesis) equal to each other. Examples 1. 3 Logarithms and Exponents in Integration. We can use this relation to convert from index form to logarithm form or vice versa. using the rules of indices which tell us to subtract the powers 4 and 3 to give the new power, 1. Simplify May 25, 2021 · Solution. In this video we will discuss some important examples of indices and logarithm which is chapter 2 from applied mathematics book class 11 Our Website : www. Final answer. Unit 4 Polynomial division. Evaluate means to determine the number value of something. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright We can see from the Examples above that indices and logarithms are very closely related. With a logarithm, you may know when your money will reach Rs. 70 • = 0. In words: 8 2 could be called "8 to the second power", "8 to the power 2" or simply "8 squared". Mathematically, if a x = b (where a > 0, ≠ 1), then x is called the logarithm of b to the base a, and we write log a b = x, clearly b > 0 In this video i am telling you about the concept of indices and logarithm which is chapter 2 from applied mathematics book class 11 Download our android app Form 2 Questions and Answers on Indices and logarithms. 1)48. Logarithm tables are introduced as a tool to lookup May 31, 2013 · AI-enhanced description. Oct 15, 2014 · Indices and logarithms • log108/5 • log 108 - log105 • 0. • x = 2 = 48. Indices and Logs. Posted on May 17, 2013 by Passy. Views:132223. Equations with x as the power (Index) Logarithms. Rules of Logarithms. Indices • Definition - Any expression written as an is defined as the variable a raised to the power of the number n • n is called a power, an index or an exponent of a • Example - where n is a positive whole number, a1 = a a2 = a a a3 Working Together. There are two main types of logarithms that we commonly use: common logarithms and natural logarithms. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base of 1000 is 3, or log10(1000) = 3. Topics covered in Class 11th Applied Maths includes : Numbers, Quantification This document covers indices and logarithms. Example of Inverse Functions which are the image of each other in the line y=x. Extended Keyboard Examples Upload Random. 718 also known as Napier's constant Feb 8, 2024 · Topic 4: Indices and Logarithms Jacques Text Book (edition 4): Section 2. Log 3. Reviews. Dr Kevin Olding. Oct 19, 2012 · Class Notes on Logs & Indices. Rule 3: Power Rule. Logarithmic Form. It is called as “a to the power of 3”. Exponents, Index Numbers, Powers, and Indices are used in lots of parts of our modern technological world. Jul 3, 2013 · Topic 4: Indices and Logarithms Jacques Text Book (edition 4): Section 2. v. 200(1. The expression can be given as: log x a/b = log x a – log x b. 9_log_functions_31-1-2014. Unit 1 Polynomial arithmetic. 1: More Properties of Multiplicative Order Index calculus algorithm. The good thing about this equation is that the exponential expression is already isolated on the left side. 14 ÷ 0. Index or Indices refers to the powers of a number or variable. and are inverse functions. 19-10-2012_logs_and_indices. a x = y ↔ log a y = x. Solve log 2 x 5 log 2 x 5 2 using the definition of a logarithm 5 x Therefore x = 32 2. Indices and Surds Practice Problems: Level 01. In this course, we are going to learn through worked out examples. An Example : Find the value of x. 1 Logarithms. Finally, we can divide both sides by ‍ to solve for x ‍ . In this section we are going to apply the following standard integrals: ex dx = ex + C. We can write it as 4 = log 2 = 16. Also, the answer key and explanations are given for the same. ILS2. 3. The logarithmic function is an inverse of the exponential function. Example: log x 2 = log x (10/5) = log x 10 Aug 29, 2018 · This document provides information on indices, logarithms, and their applications. If loga n = x and logc n = y where n ≠ 1, prove that log c log a log c log a x y x y b b b b + − = + −. Because logarithm s connect geometric and arithmetic progressions, examples may be found in nature and art, including guitar fret spacing, mineral hardness, sound intensities, stars, windstorms, earthquakes, and acids. 2 LOGARITHMS Let m be the index or power of b that corresponds to the value x, that is 5 (1. 👉Previous Video: https://www. log x. log 10 2 = 2 log 10 = 2 × 1 (∴ Log 10 = 1 ) = 2 . I know you got this part down! Just a big caution. The index of a number can also be zero or negative. The Laws of Logs. 2 was divided by 5 and then the table of anti-logarithms was applied to find the answer. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. Q. Logarithms. Let us solve some examples here: Example 1: Jun 17, 2021 · In this video, We wil Learn:-Laws of Exponents for Real Numbers of Indices & Logarithm Chapter 2 of Applied Maths Class 11 Video Highlights***** Example 1: Solve the exponential equation [latex]{5^{2x}} = 21[/latex]. tt6_7. Group Classes. Finding antilogarithm is the reverse of finding the logarithms of a number. 16. Types of Logarithms. File Size: 533 kb. ANTILOGARITHMS. These are developed in the following sections. Indices JC is part of the mrmolloymaths website, where you can find more resources for Junior Cert maths. There are two main parts in this book; one gives a broad explanation of the topic and the other presents the worked examples. The logarithm of the product is the sum of the logarithms of the factors. In other words,. Shows the indices/logarithm chart. Home. Dedicated to the discrete logarithm in where is a prime, index calculus leads to a family of algorithms adapted to finite fields and to some families of elliptic curves. 1, on the way to Euler’s Theorem 3. 3) (xy) n = x n y n. Find the logarithm of: 0. dh jk lm ok px dn ho sj ao fg